Which of the following is NOT part of the APGAR score assessment?

The APGAR score is a quick assessment tool used to evaluate the health of newborns immediately after birth, focusing on five criteria: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex response, and skin color. Each of these criteria is scored on a scale of 0 to 2, with the total score helping to determine if a newborn requires immediate medical attention.

Vision is not included in the APGAR assessment because the focus is primarily on immediate physiological responses and general well-being shortly after delivery. The parameters assessed through the APGAR score are critical for gauging how well the newborn tolerated the birthing process and how well they are doing overall at birth. Thus, the inclusion of heart rate, skin tone, and respiration reflects key physiological aspects of a newborn's health, while vision is not directly relevant at this initial stage.