What model includes three processes—selection, optimization, and compensation—that guide behavioral actions related to development?

The correct answer refers to the SOC model, which stands for Selection, Optimization, and Compensation. This model is rooted in the lifespan approach to development, emphasizing how individuals adapt their behaviors and goals as they age and face various life challenges.

Selection involves prioritizing goals or activities that are meaningful to the individual. As one ages or encounters constraints, they may need to focus on fewer objectives that align with their capabilities and opportunities.

Optimization refers to the processes and strategies that individuals use to maximize their chances of success in achieving their selected goals. This could involve skill development or finding resources to improve performance in chosen areas.

Compensation entails the methods individuals employ to manage losses or limitations that arise as they age. This might include adopting new strategies, using assistive technologies, or seeking support to make up for diminished abilities.

This model highlights the dynamic and adaptive nature of human development, illustrating how individuals can maintain a sense of purpose and fulfillment across the lifespan, despite the inevitable changes and challenges they encounter.