What does the term "discontinuity" refer to in developmental psychology?

In developmental psychology, the term "discontinuity" refers to significant shifts or transformations in development. This concept suggests that development does not happen in a gradual and smooth manner, but instead occurs through distinct stages or phases where individuals might experience abrupt changes in behavior, thinking, or abilities.

When we consider development as discontinuous, it implies that certain critical transitions lead to notable differences in how individuals function at different life stages. For instance, a child might suddenly demonstrate the ability to think abstractly after reaching a particular developmental milestone, illustrating a clear shift from concrete to formal operational thought. This viewpoint is often contrasted with continuous development, where changes are seen as gradual and incremental.

Understanding discontinuity helps psychologists and educators identify the pivotal moments in development that can lead to significant changes in a person's capabilities or understanding of the world.