At what age do children typically start to demonstrate moral reasoning according to Kohlberg?

Kohlberg's theory of moral development outlines several stages through which children progress as they develop moral reasoning. Typically, children begin to show signs of moral reasoning around age 6, transitioning from the preconventional level, where they make decisions based on avoiding punishment and seeking rewards, to the conventional level, which focuses on adhering to social rules and gaining approval from others.

This transition is significant because it marks a shift in understanding morality not just as a matter of personal gain or avoiding punishment, but as a set of societal norms that must be followed. Around this age, children start to recognize the importance of rules, understand the concept of fairness, and begin to consider the perspectives of others when making moral judgments. This foundational development sets the stage for more nuanced moral reasoning that will continue to evolve through adolescence and into adulthood.

The other options reflect different age milestones but do not align with the critical period where significant moral reasoning changes occur according to Kohlberg's framework. Thus, the correct answer conveys the accurate age range where moral reasoning begins to take on a more socially-oriented perspective.